state the four quantum numbers, then explain the posible values they may have and what they actually represent
Answers
Answer:
The four quantum numbers are the principle quantum number,
n
, the angular momentum quantum number,
l
, the magnetic quantum number,
m
l
, and the electron spin quantum number,
m
s
.
The principle quantum number ,
n
, describes the energy and distance from the nucleus, and represents the shell.
For example, the
3
d
subshell is in the
n
=
3
shell, the
2
s
subshell is in the
n
=
2
shell, etc.
The angular momentum quantum number ,
l
, describes the shape of the subshell and its orbitals, where
l
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
3
...
corresponds to
s
,
p
,
d
,
and
f
subshells (containing
s
,
p
,
d
,
f
orbitals), respectively.
For example, the
n
=
3
shell has subshells of
l
=
0
,
1
,
2
, which means the
n
=
3
shell contains
s
,
p
, and
d
subshells (each containing their respective orbitals). The
n
=
2
shell has
l
=
0
,
1
, so it contains only
s
and
p
subshells. It is worth noting that each shell has up to
n
−
1
types of subshells/orbitals.
The magnetic quantum number ,
m
l
, describes the orientation of the orbitals (within the subshells) in space. The possible values for
m
l
of any type of orbital (
s
,
p
,
d
,
f
...
) is given by any integer value from
−
l
to
l
.
So, for a
2
p
orbital with
n
=
2
and
l
=
1
, we can have
m
1
=
−
1
,
0
,
1
. This tells us that the
p
orbital has
3
possible orientations in space.
Explanation:
HOPE it's helpful to u ;)