Question

State the lorentz force and express it in vector form. Which pairs of vectors are always perpendicular to each other

Answer 1

Lorentz force is a force experienced by a charged particle in an electric as well as magnetic field at the same time.

The force due to electric field is F₁= q E

The force due to magnetic field is F₂= q (v × B)

Thus the Lorentz force is equal to F= F₁ + F₂

                                                    ⇒ F= q [E+ (v × B)]

The electric field vector and the magnetic field vectors are always perpendicular to each other.

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Answer 2

Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle moving through a magnetic field. It is given by the formula:

F = q(E + v x B)

where F is the Lorentz force, q is the charge of the particle, E is the electric field, v is the velocity of the particle, and B is the magnetic field.

In vector form, the Lorentz force is expressed as:

     F = q(E + v x B)

where E, v, and B are vectors.

The pairs of vectors that are always perpendicular to each other are:

• Electric field and magnetic field: The electric field is a vector that points in the direction of the force that a positive charge would experience, while the magnetic field is a vector that points in the direction of the force that a moving charge experiences. These two fields are always perpendicular to each other.

• Velocity and magnetic field: The velocity vector points in the direction of the particle's motion, while the magnetic field vector points in the direction of the force that the particle experiences due to its motion in the field. These two vectors are also perpendicular to each other.
  
  
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