state the main cause of flood in the river
Answers
Answer:
Severe flooding is caused by atmospheric conditions that lead to heavy rain or the rapid melting of snow and ice.
Explanation:
Explanation:
A river flood occurs when a river overspills its banks; that is, when its flow can no longer be contained within its channel. Flooding is a natural and regular reality for many rivers, helping sculpt soil and spread nutrients in alluvial valleys and supporting many ecosystems – such as swamps and bottomland forests – adapted to occasional inundation.
Natural Causes of a River Flood
Any pulse of high water that overwhelms a river channel can create a flood, large or small. Common causes include heavy rainfall, including peak seasonal rains in tropical river systems such as the Amazon – the extensive annual flooding of which is a defining feature of this biggest river basin in the world – and more unpredictable torrential downpours caused by tropical cyclones making landfall and other storms.
In mid- and high-latitude rivers as well as lower-latitude rivers draining high, alpine mountains, seasonal snowmelt can also cause flooding due to large volumes of meltwater. Rapid meltoff due to a dramatic spike in temperatures or “rain-on-snow” events are particularly apt to cause rivers to overspill their banks.
Ice jams, where river current backs up behind accumulations of river ice, are another significant cause of flooding on higher-latitude rivers, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. Major rivers most prone to large ice jams are those that flow north, because, during spring, their upper and middle courses may thaw out and run ice-free while their lower reaches are still icebound. This is the situation, for example, for the Lena River in Siberia, the Mackenzie River of northwestern Canada and the Red River of the U.S. Upper Midwest and Manitoba. Besides backing up waters behind them, ice jams can also produce river floods downstream if they are abruptly breached.
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