state the main postulates of the kinetic theory with special reference to inter particle attraction
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The Kinetic Theory of Matter states-
matter is composed of a large number ofsmall particles (atoms or molecules) that are in constant motion.
one may call it the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter and the Kinetic Theory of Gases.
assumptions:
I. All matter (solid, liquid, and gas) is made up of tiny particles called atoms, or atoms that are joined to form molecules.
II.
A. In a gas, the separation between particles is very large compared to their size, such that there are no attractive or repulsive forces between the molecules.
B. In a liquid, the particles are close enough that inter-particle forces confine the material to the shape of its container.
C. In a solid, the particles are so close that the forces of attraction confine the material to a specific shape.
III.
A. In gases, the motion of the particles is assumed to be random and free.
B. In liquids, the movement is constrained by the volume of the liquid and nearest neighbour interactions are predominant.
C. In solids, the motion of the particles is severely restricted(vibration/rotation), in order for the solid to maintain its special structure .
D. The particles have velocities i.e. kinetic energy. There is sharing or transfer of energy between particles—both atoms and molecules—during a collision between them.
for references:
see
matter is composed of a large number ofsmall particles (atoms or molecules) that are in constant motion.
one may call it the Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter and the Kinetic Theory of Gases.
assumptions:
I. All matter (solid, liquid, and gas) is made up of tiny particles called atoms, or atoms that are joined to form molecules.
II.
A. In a gas, the separation between particles is very large compared to their size, such that there are no attractive or repulsive forces between the molecules.
B. In a liquid, the particles are close enough that inter-particle forces confine the material to the shape of its container.
C. In a solid, the particles are so close that the forces of attraction confine the material to a specific shape.
III.
A. In gases, the motion of the particles is assumed to be random and free.
B. In liquids, the movement is constrained by the volume of the liquid and nearest neighbour interactions are predominant.
C. In solids, the motion of the particles is severely restricted(vibration/rotation), in order for the solid to maintain its special structure .
D. The particles have velocities i.e. kinetic energy. There is sharing or transfer of energy between particles—both atoms and molecules—during a collision between them.
for references:
see
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Main postulates of Kinetic theory with special reference to inter-particle attraction is as given-
● All molecules of matter have an attraction existing between them .
● This attraction prevails only upto a distance of {-10}^{10} .
● This inter - particular attraction decreases with increasing distance and increases with decreasing distance , i.e. , vice - versa .
● Solids - maximum inter partcle attraction .
Liquids - Inter particle attraction less than solids.
Gases - Negligible inter particle attraction .
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