State the methods modern technology to rectify the ozone hole.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The ozone hole over the Antarctic has begun to heal, according to a new study, more than 30 years after its discovery. The findings suggest that global efforts to phase out ozone-depleting chemicals have been effective, though scientists still aren't entirely sure about what's driving the ozone hole's recovery.
The study, published in the journal Science, combines data gathered from balloons and satellites to measure the area of the ozone layer over Antarctica from 2000 to 2015. Since 2000, the paper reports, the size of the ozone hole over Antarctica shrank by about 4 million square kilometers — an area equivalent to about half of the contiguous United States. Using computer simulations to account for changes in wind and temperature, the study's authors estimate that about half of its reduction can be attributed to a decline in levels of the ozone-depleting gases chlorine and bromine.
The stratospheric ozone layer protects Earth from the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV-B) rays, which can cause skin cancer and cataracts in humans, and physiological damage in animals and plants. Faced with growing evidence of ozone depletion, governments in 1987 ratified the Montreal Protocol, a global treaty that aimed to phase out the production of harmful chemicals known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). At the time, CFCs were used in hairspray, aerosol cans, and refrigerators. A single CFC molecule can last for between 20 and 100 years in the atmosphere, and can destroy100,000 ozone molecules.
"IT'S REALLY A REMARKABLE ACHIEVEMENT FOR SOCIETY."
Previous studies have shown that the rate of ozone depletion has declined since the Montreal Protocol went into effect, and a 2014 United Nations report showed that Earth's ozone layer has begun to heal. But the ozone hole over the Antarctic reached a record size in 2015, casting some doubt over claims of a recovery, and the UN report said it was still unclear whether healing in the Antarctic could be attributed to a decline in ozone-depleting gases. Susan Solomon, professor of atmospheric chemistry and climate science at MIT and lead author of the study published this week, says her findings suggest that the Montreal Protocol has in fact worked.
Ozone is a molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen and is primarily found in a "gaseous form" in the "atmosphere", & distributed across the entire stratosphere. Its molecules protect the Earth from solar radiation. . When the radiation enters the ozone layer, it passes thru the ozone molecules which allow some of the radiation to be released to the atmosphere, thereby reducing the radiation which reaches humans.
Explanation:
Ways to rectify the ozone hole
- To stop the the ozone layer depletion, nations across the globe must stop using "ozone-depleting substances". Avoid the "consumption of gases dangerous" that are dangerous to the ozone layer, because of their "content/manufacturing process". The dangerous gases comprise chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, hydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), methyl chloroform, methyl bromideare carbon tetrachloride, & nitrous oxide.
- Minimise the use of vehicles. The best transport option is walking or using. Where use of car is necessary it is best that we go for carpool with others so as to reduce the use of vehicles and to pollute less & save the ozone layer.
- Should not use environmentally and typically hazardous cleaning materials. Most cleaning items contain solvents & substances corrosive, however non-toxic items such as vinegar/bicarbonate can be used instead.
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What is the main factor responsible for ozone layer depletion ...
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