state the name and function of any four organs of human digestive system
Answers
Answer:
1. Mouth
Food is ingested to mouth. The Buccal cavity or mouth consists of teeth, tongue and salivary glands. With the help of teeth, physical digestion of food takes place which helps the food to cut into small pieces, chews and grind it. Further salivary glands present in the mouth helps in the chemical digestion of food with the help of enzymes. It contains enzymes known as salivary amylase which digest the starch present in food into sugar. We can say that the digestion of carbohydrate or starch begins in the mouth itself. But the digestion of food remains incomplete in the mouth.
2. Oesophagus or Food Pipe
The slightly digested food goes to stomach through the Food Pipe or Oesophagus. With the help of peristaltic movement food is pushed inside the stomach. The contraction and expansion of the movement of the walls of the food pipe after entering the slightly digested food is known as peristaltic movement.
3. Stomach
Do you know that food is churned in the stomach for three hours? In the stomach, food further breaks into smaller pieces and forms a semi-solid paste. Glands that are present in the walls of stomach secrete gastric juice and contain three substances hydrochloric acid, enzyme pepsin and mucus. The protein digestion begins in the stomach only with the help of pepsin enzyme.
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4. Small Intestine
The small intestine is a long, thin tube about 1 inch in diameter and about 10 feet long. It is located just inferior to the stomach and takes up most of the space in the abdominal cavity.
With the help of ‘sphincter muscle’ food from the stomach releases in small amounts into the small intestine. Do you know that the largest part of the alimentary canal is small intestine? It is the organ of human body where complete digestion of food like carbohydrates, proteins and fats takes place. The small intestine receives the secretions of two glands that is liver and pancreas and helps in the digestion of food. Even intestinal juice also helps in the carbohydrate digestion. After digestion the molecules of food become small and pass through the small intestine and goes into our blood. Here, the digested food is also absorbed.
Answer:
The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body.