state the principal of Electric motors,also write its proper working with ckt diagram
Answers
Explanation:
⭕ Every electric motor has two magnetic fields, with provision for switching the direction of one of them. As the rotating part moves to a position where the attractive force making it move weakens or vanishes, one of the fields is switched so that there is again a force between the stationary and rotating parts.
Motors are classified according to which field switches and how.
➖ In a DC motor, mechanical or electronic means are required to switch the field
➖ The field which doesn’t switch can be a permanent magnet
➖ In an AC motor, the fact the driving voltage is already switching is used. Sometimes these motors require a shading pole or starting capacitor to get them going, since there is no torque if they are not already moving.
⭕ As you can imagine there are a great many design variations. My intent here is to get the novice up to the point where they can read other answers or web articles and understand what they all have in common.
⭕ I had an electric motor course in college which was extremely frustrating. They never discussed how motors work. We were just presented with steady state AC math models of motors and analyzed them. So, you won’t learn about motors in electrical engineering. I don’t know where you go to learn, maybe companies that make them.
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Answer:
Electrical energy is converted in into mechanical energy in an electric motor.
#Working of electric motor:
As shown in the diagram, when a current is passed through the coil PQRS the coil starts rotating anti clockwise because a downward force acts on length PQ and at the same time an upward force acts on RS. Therefore, the coil rotates in anti clockwise direction. In the length PQ, current flows from P to Q and magnetic field acts from left to right. According to Fleming's left hand rule a downward force acts on the length PQ and an upward force acts on length RS. These two forces causes the coil to rotate anti clockwise.
When coil complete half rotation, the position of PQ and RS interchange, the half ring D comes in contact with brush A and half-rign C comes in contact with brush B, therefore the direction of current in coil PQRS gets reversed. Now the current flows through the coil in the direction SRQP. The direction of the current through the coil PQRS reverse after every half rotation. As a result, the coil rotates in same direction. The split rings help to reverse the direction of current in the circuit.
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