Question

state the principal used in separating the components of petroleum.
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Answer 1

Answer:

The various components of crude oil have different sizes, weights and boiling temperatures; so, the first step is to separate these components. Because they have different boiling temperatures, they can be separated easily by a process called fractional distillation.

Answer 2

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Fractional distillation is a process of separating the components of a mixture by repeated distillations and condensations. the crude oil is heated to about 600 °C, and its vapours are allowed to condense at different temperatures in the fractionating column.