Question

State the principle of working of a step-up transformer. Deduce the
expression for the secondary to primary voltage in terms of the number of
turns in the two coils.
2​

Answer 1

Answer:

Step-up Transformer

A transformer in which the output (secondary) voltage is greater than its input (primary) voltage is called a step-up transformer. The step-up transformer decreases the output current for keeping the input and output power of the system equal.

Considered a step-up transformer shown in the figure below. The E1 and E2 are the voltages, and T1 and T2 are the number of turns on the primary and secondary winding of the transformer.

step-down-transformerThe number of turns on the secondary of the transformer is greater than that of the primary, i.e., T2 > T1.Thus the voltage turn ratio of the step-up transformer is 1:2. The primary winding of the step-up transformer is made up of thick insulated copper wire because the low magnitude current flows through it.

Applications – Step-up transformer is used in transmission lines for transforming the high voltage produced by the alternator.The power loss of the transmission line is directly proportional to the square of the current flows through it.

Power = I2R

The output current of the step-up transformer is less, and hence it is used for reducing the power loss. The step-up transformer is also used for starting the electrical motor, in the microwave oven, X-rays machines, etc.

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