Question

state three features of nuclear model

Answer 1

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Rutherford's Atom Model (Main Features)

Rutherford s atomic model

(i) Every atom consists of a nucleus containing the entire +ve charge. The whole mass of atom is concentrated at this core.

(ii) The size of the nucleus i.e., 10-15m is very small compared to the size of the atom (i.e., 10-10 m).

(iii) The atom as a whole is electrically neutral with electrons revolving around the nucleus in various orbits. The centripetal force provided the electrostatic attraction between electrons and the nucleus.

In spite of Rutherford's atomic model successfully explaining the large angle scattering of a particles and justifying the classifications of elements according to their atomic number in the periodic table, there were certain limitations in this model.

As the radiating energy of a revolving electron (according to classical electromagnetic theory) continuously decreases the electron should follow a spiral path and fall into the nucleus. So this atomic model could not account for the stability of the atom. The observed spectra of elements cannot be accounted for by the atom model.

Answer 2

nuclear model of atom was given by Rutherford
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1)the space occupied by the nucleus is very much less than the space occupied by the whole atom

2)positive charge is concentrated at one region which is inside the nucleus and maximum of the mass is in the nucleus

3)The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well defined orbits and the electrostatic force prevents the electrons from falling into nucleus