Question

state two important characteristic features of the Indian monsoon

Answer 1

(a) Rainfall is mainly Relief (Orographic). Most of the rainfall is caused due to the obstruction of moisture bearing winds by the mountain ranges. As a result, windward side gets heavy rain while the leeward side gets scanty rain.

(b)Rainfall is erratic and unpredictable. The amount of rainfall varies from time to time, often resulting in floods and droughts. Sometimes the rainfall occurs early and at times it is delayed.

(c)Rainfall occurs mainly in summer. A large part of the country receives rainfall mainly in the summer from the South West Monsoon winds. Very little rain is caused in winter from the N.E winter monsoons.

(d)Rainfall is unevenly distributed. Some regions receive over 200 cms of rain and suffer from floods while others receive less than 50 cms annually and experience semi-desert conditions.

Answer 2

Answer:

Main characteristic features of the tropical monsoon type of climate are:

In tropical monsoon type of climate, there are two dry seasons with low rainfall. For example in India, summers and winters are dry with only little rainfall. While northern parts of the country receive little rainfall during the summer season due to cyclonic depression, Tamil Nadu receives rainfall during winters. Rest of the country experiences hot and dry summers and cool and dry winters.

There is a distinct rainy season with very high rainfall. During the monsoon season in India, many parts of the country receive rainfall as high as 200cm. However, some parts of the country like western Rajasthan, western Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana receive very little rainfall due to relief features.

Rainfall in the tropical monsoon climate is seasonal in nature and is often irregular and uneven.

There is high annual temperature (approx. 260C) in the tropical monsoon type of climate.