Question

State what happens when con.solution of sodium chloride is electrolysis? Name the process. Write the equation of the reaction involved. Write the names of products obtained. Mention one use of each product.

Answer 1

When conc. solution of sodium chloride undergeoes electrolysis, we get NaOH, Chlorine gas and Hydrogen gas.
The process is named as Chlor-Alakli process.
2NaCl. + 2H2O -->2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
 the gas liberated at anode is chlorine and gas liberated at cathode is hydrogen.
 the raw material used is concentrated solution of sodium chloride also known as brine.
Uses:
Sodium Hydroxide :
1. used in preparing soaps and detergents.

Chlorine gas:
1. Used as a disinfectant in swimming pool and sterlise drinking water.

Hydrogen Gas:
1. Used in hydrogenation of oils to obatin solid fats called Vegetable dalda.
2.Liquid hydrogen is  used as a fuel for rockets.

Answer 2

Sodium hydroxide(Caustic soda):

It is produced from an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (called Brine).Electrolysis of brine (passing of electricity in a solution) results in the decomposition of sodium chloride and formation of sodium hydroxide. This process is also calledchlor-alkaliprocess (chlor for chlorine and alkali for NaOH). The reaction for the above process can be written as follows:

Hydrogen and chlorine gas are released at thecathode and anode respectively.

its has got its name as it justifies the by-products that is chlor-(chlorine) and alkali(base-NaOH)

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