Question

state why the valency of the metal potassium is+1 and the non-metal chlorine is -1​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

♦ Valency of a metal is the number of Electrons lost per atom of the metal.

The electronic configuration of Metal Potassium is :- 2, 8, 8, 1, this shows there is only 1 electron in the valence shell, so in order to attain Stability or nearst Noble Gas Configuration ( which is Argon ) it has to donate or lose 1 electron, as it donates 1 electron it becomes a Positive Radical or Ion known as Cation thus, obtaining a Valency of +1 .

♦ Valency of a non-metal is the number of Electrons gained per atom of the non-metal.

The electronic configuration of Non-metal Chlorine is :- 2, 8, 7, this shows that 7 electrons are present in the Valence shell, so in order to attain Stability or Nearst Noble Gas Configuration ( which is Argon ) it needs only 1 electron to get the correct number of Valence Electrons in the Valence shell to become stable. As it would be better to accept 1 electron instead of donating 7 electrons. As it accepts/ gains 1 electron it become a Negative Radical or Ion konwn as Anion thus, obtaining a Valency of -1.

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