Question

Structure of chromosome and different type of aberrations in chromosome

Answer 1

Check the attachment for the structure of chromosome.

Answer :-

First of all, what are Chromosomal aberrations ?

Ans - A mutation that is responsible for the visible changes in the structure of the chromosome, is known as "Chromosomal aberration".

The aberrations in chromosome are as follows :-

• Deletion or Deficiency - This refers to the loss of genes due to the breaking down of gene fragments.

• Duplication - This refers to the inclusion of the extra parts of the chromosomes due to which, some genes may get represented twice.

• Inversion - In this aberration, a piece of chromosome gets removed and then, gets rejoined in reverse order.

• Pericentric Inversion - In this aberration, the Centromere lies within the inverted region of the chromosome.

• Paracentric Inversion - In this aberration, the Centromere lies outside the inverted region of the chromosome.

• Translocation - This refers to the mutual exchange (reciprocal) of the chromosome segments between the non-homologous chromosomes.

Answer 2

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