Question

structure of pentanone


if know answer then only answer​

Answer 1

Structure of Pentanone

$\setlength{\unitlength}{1 cm}\begin{picture}(20,15)\put(1,1){ \sf CH_3\;^{\line(1,0){0.3}} \ CH_2 \;^{\line(1,0){0.3}} \ CH_2\; ^{\line(1,0){0.3}} \ CH_2\; ^{\line(1,0){0.3}} \ CH }\qbezier(5.7,0.7)(5.7,0.7)(5.7,0.4)\qbezier(5.89,0.7)(5.89,0.7)(5.89,0.4)\put(5.7,0){\sf O}\end{picture}$

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$\displaystyle\underline{\bigstar\:\textsf{Naming Compounds :}}$

• The international Union of pure and applied chemistry evolved a scheme for nomenclature of organic compounds in 1957.
• The names of straight chain hydrocarbons consist of a root word and primary suffix.
• The root word depends on the number of carbon atoms present on the parent chain.
• For example for one carbon atom it is meth, 2 carbon atom Eth, 3 carbon atoms prop and so on. The primary suffix in alkanes (single bond) is ane, in alkenes (double bond) is ene and in alkynes(triple bond) is yne.

☯ Prefix ☯

• Primary prefix: These prefixes are used to determine whether a chain is cyclic or acyclic.
• Secondary prefix: When a substituent group like halogens are attached to the parent chain prefix like fluoro for fluorine, chloro for chlorine etc are used.
• If a functional group is attached to a parent chain either prefix or suffix are used.
• For example for alcohols the prefix is hydroxy and suffix is ol
• For ketones the prefix is ox and suffix is one.

☯ Rules ☯

• Always the chain with the longer number of carbon atoms is identified as the parent chain.
• The functional group attached on the carbon chain is given the lowest number while numbering.
• Substituent groups are written in alphabetical order.
• If multiple alkyl groups are present, the first group according to alphabetical order receives the lowest number.