Question

Structure of pentanone
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Answer 1

Structure of Pentanone

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$\displaystyle\underline{\bigstar\:\textsf{Naming Compounds :}}$

• The international Union of pure and applied chemistry evolved a scheme for nomenclature of organic compounds in 1957.
• The names of straight chain hydrocarbons consist of a root word and primary suffix.
• The root word depends on the number of carbon atoms present on the parent chain.
• For example for one carbon atom it is meth, 2 carbon atom Eth, 3 carbon atoms prop and so on. The primary suffix in alkanes (single bond) is ane, in alkenes (double bond) is ene and in alkynes(triple bond) is yne.

Prefix:

• Primary prefix: These prefixes are used to determine whether a chain is cyclic or acyclic.
• Secondary prefix: When a substituent group like halogens are attached to the parent chain prefix like fluoro for fluorine, chloro for chlorine etc are used.
• If a functional group is attached to a parent chain either prefix or suffix are used.
• For example for alcohols the prefix is hydroxy and suffix is ol
• For ketones the prefix is ox and suffix is one.

Rules:

1. Always the chain with the longer number of carbon atoms is identified as the parent chain.
2. The functional group attached on the carbon chain is given the lowest number while numbering.
3. Substituent groups are written in alphabetical order.
4. If multiple alkyl groups are present, the first group according to alphabetical order receives the lowest number.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Structure of Pentanone:-

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