structure of pituitary gland with position
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Answer:
The pituitary is an endocrine (hormone-producing) gland that sits just beneath the base of the brain, behind the bridge of the nose. ... The pituitary gland has two parts. The anterior (or front) pituitary produces hormones that affect the breasts, adrenals, thyroid, ovaries and testes, as well as several other hormones
The pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis, is a major gland of the endocrine system. It secretes hormones that control the actions of other endocrine organs and various tissues around the body.
Anatomical Position and Relations
The pituitary gland is a pea-sized oval structure, suspended from the underside of the brain by the pituitary stalk (known as the infundibulum). It sits within a small depression in the sphenoid bone, known as the sella turcica (‘’Turkish saddle’’).
The superior surface of the gland is covered by a reflection of the dura mater – the diaphragma sellae. This membrane has a central opening which allows passage of the infundibulum.
The gland has several key anatomical relations:
Anteriorly – sphenoid sinus (the pituitary gland is accessed surgically via the sphenoid sinus, known as a trans-sphenoidal approach).
Posteriorly – posterior intercavernous sinus, dorsum sellae (posterior wall of the sella turcica), basilar artery and the pons.
Superiorly – diaphragma sellae (fold of dura mater that covers the pituitary gland), optic chiasm.
Inferiorly – sphenoid sinus
Laterally – cavernous sinus.
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