Structured Essay-Type Questions
1. The advent of the Aryans in India and their occupations in this land are an important event in
the History of India. In this context, describe briefly :
a) Three important change in the political field in the Later Vedic Period.
(b) Three important change in the religious life of the Aryans in the Later Vedic Period.
Answers
Answer :
• Aryans were generally the people who speak the Indo - European languages.
• According to some historians, Aryans were from Europe.
• The concept of Aryanism became famous in the period of Hitler in Germany.
• He himself declared that Germans were Aryans and Aryans were great people.
• The advent of Aryans in India was a remarkable event in History of India. As, this changed the History of India.
Three important change in the political field in the Later Vedic Period :
• During the early vedic age there were no kingdoms but only tribe.
• This tribe was used to called as Jana.
• The head of Jana was "Rajan". He was assisted by two committees.
• They were Sabha and Samithi. Sabha means the elder people in tribe and Samithi means the remaining people.
• Rajan didn't has any private army during this period.
• During Early Vedic period women were allowed in participating in political affair.
• But in later vedic age, totally changed.
• As, Rajan became the king and the people changed as Kingdom.
• Sabha became more Powerful than Samithi.
• Rajan started maintaining his own army.
• Women were not allowed in the political affairs during the Later Vedic Age.
Three important change in the religious life of the Aryans in the Later Vedic Period.
• The important gods in Early Vedic Age were Indra, Agni, Varuna, Soma etc.
• Many hymns were written in Rig Veda on these gods.
• Nearly 1028 hymns were written in Rig Veda.
• In early vedic age the rituals by Brahmanas was not that famous.
• In later vedic age, the above gods lost their importance.
• As, the people in Later Vedic Age started worshipping Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva.
• The Brahmanas strictly performed rituals in the name of these gods.
• Caste system also took its roots during this period.
a) Political life :
1) Rajan became the King.
2) Jana became the Janapadas.
3) Rajan started maintaining his army.
b) Religious life :
1) The gods in Early Vedic age were Agni, Indra, Varuna, Saraswati etc.
2) But in later vedic age the above gods lost their prominence.
3) Brahma Vishnu and Maheshwara gain importance during this period.