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Resources and taxes were paid to the kings of the new kingdoms that emerged between 700 CE and 1400 CE. who paid these taxes and resources? How were they used in the administration of the new kingdoms?
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anjana3089
anjana3089
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C) Resources and taxes were paid to the kings of the new kingdoms that emerged
between 700 CE and 1400 CE. Who paid these taxes and resources? How were they
used in the administration of the new kingdoms?
1
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brainlybadboy54
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Our knowledge of the ancient world has been radically altered by impressive archaeological discoveries over the last two centuries. Prior to the twentieth century, for instance, historians believed that India’s history began in the second millennium BCE, when a people known as In-do-Aryans migrated into the Indian subcontinent and created a new civilization. Yet, even during the nineteenth century British explorers and officials were curious about brick mounds dotting the landscape of northwest India, where Pakistan is today. A large one was located in a village named Harappa (see Figure 3.1). A British army engineer, Sir Alexander Cunningham, sensed its importance because he also found other artifacts among the bricks, such as a seal with an inscription. He was, therefore, quite dismayed that railway contractors were pilfering these bricks for ballast. When he became the director of Great Britain’s Archaeological Survey in 1872, he ordered protection for these ruins. But the excavation of Harappa did not begin until 1920, and neither the Archaeological Survey nor Indian archaeologists understood their significance until this time. Harappa, it turned out, was an an-cient city dating back to the third millennium BCE, and only one part of a much larg-er civilization sprawling over northwest India. With the discovery of this lost civiliza-tion, the timeline for India’s history was pushed back over one thousand years.
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Explanation:
Kings shared their administrative power with samantas, Brahmans, traders, and associations of peasants.
Peasants, cattle-keepers, artisans, and all those who produced something, had to pay taxes or rents, and traders had to pay revenue.
Under the Chola dynasty, there were around 400 different types of taxes, from which vetti (forced labour), and kadamai (land revenue) were the most common.
The reasons of collecting taxes were; to fulfil the finance of the king's establishments, to build temples and forts, and to fight wars.
The high positions at kingdoms including the army, were appointed either by hereditary or through influential families.