Study the biodiversity of a park nearby. Prepare a detailed report with photographs and sketches of the flora and fauna.
Answers
Explanation:
Study Of Flora And Fauna In Study Area and impacts of projects
Biological environment
Ecology is the study of the relation and interactions between organisms and their
environment. It comprises the floral and faunal communities of an area. With changes in
environmental conditions, structure, density and composition of plants, animals also undergo
changes. For the proposed study, the study area has been identified as 10km around the
project site.
Himachal Pradesh is a predominantly mountainous state. Consequently, its climate is more
congenial to forests. It comprises four forest zones-subtropical, sub-temperate, wet temprate
and dry-temprate. The proposed mine area is situated in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh.
The forests of the tract are well scattered on both the banks of river Beas. Scrub forests,
Bamboo forests, Chil forests, Scrub mixed with chil, sal and other Broad Leaved forests are
present which occur due to altitude, edaphic and biotic factors. Kangra forest consist various
type of vegetation and faunal biodiversity.
Objectives of the Study
For sustainable and eco-friendly mining project development, biological environment is
studied. As per EIA 2006 norms study are classified in 2 parts. One is core zone where
mining proposed and another part is buffer zone that’s 10 km radius of mine lease area.
The present study was undertaken with the following objectives:
To assess the nature and distribution of vegetation in and around the project site;
To assess the distribution of animal life spectra;
To understand the productivity of the water bodies;
To assess the biodiversity and to understand the resource potential; and
To ascertain migratory routes of fauna and possibility of breeding grounds.
Methodology for Baseline Data Generation
To achieve the above objectives a detailed study of the area was undertaken in 10km radius
around proposed mine area. The different methods adopted were as follows:
Generation of primary data by undertaking systematic ecological studies in the area
Discussion with local people so as to elicit information about local plants, animals and
birds.
The primary data was generated through:-
Preparing a general checklist of all plants encountered in the study area. This would
indicate the diversity for plants.
Determining the bird population of migratory and local birds by taking 10 random
readings at every Location;
Observing mammals, amphibians and reptiles, noting their calls, droppings, burrows,
pugmarks and other signs.
Core zone: The study area of core zone consist river bed with rocks. There is no vegetation
present except some grasses.
Buffer zone: Buffer zone defined from mine lease area. It is 10km radius of ML area. There
are 6 forest namely Panjal Reseve Forest (3.67 Km, SE), Dadhoa protected forest (4.25 km,
NE), Sansarpur Reserve Forest (6.48 km, N), Chalan Protected Forest (7.33 Km, E),
Karanpur Reserve Forest (8.54 km, NW) and Pong Dam Bird Sanctuary (~9.0 km) shown in
Answer:
Study of biological environment is one of the important aspects in Environmental Impact
Assessment in view of the need for conservation of Environmental quality. We were carried
out a detailed enumeration of species occurrences of flora at various locations were observed
and typical plant species were collected. The visual observations of plants were recorded with
a view to obtaining some idea about the relative density of certain species and their
predominance. Project influence area have several floral species have been reported with
some prominent tree species are Cassia fistula, Ficus bengalenses, Aegle marmelos, Phoenix
sylvestris, Mangifera indica, Azadaricta indica, Dalbergia sisso, Calotropis procera,