Study the given diagrams and answer the following questions: (1) Name the pulleys shown. (ii) Which of them needs less effort to lift a load? Why? (iii) Which of them can do work faster? Why? (iv) Which one of them is used in wells to pull water?
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The movable pulley reduces the effort required to pull a mass by factor of 2 × number of movable pulleys. Consider a simple example of single fixed and movable pulley.
In case I of fixed pulley the effort will be same as of load being lifted as tension in rope will be same across pulley, hence mechanical advantage will be 1.
F
effort
=F
load
In case II of movable pulley the effort will be half of that load being lifted as the forces on mass less pulley should balance, mechanical advantage will be 2.
2F
effort
=F
load
⇒F
effort
=F
load
/2
Movable pulley is used as force multiplier, correct answer is option A.
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