study the table in which reactions of some metals with oxygen,water and dilute acid
Answers
Answer:
This table summarises some reactions of metals in the reactivity series. Hydrogen is ... it loses oxygen to form hydrogen. ... Predict its reaction with dilute acids and explain your answer.
Answer:
When a metal reacts with water, a metal hydroxide and hydrogen are formed. For example, sodium reacts rapidly with cold water:
sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
In general, the more reactive the metal, the more rapid the reaction is. Aluminium is unusual because it is a reactive metal that does not react with water. Its surface naturally forms a very thin layer of aluminium oxide that keeps water away from the metal below.
Reactions with steam
Magnesium reacts slowly when it is first added to water, but a layer of insoluble magnesium hydroxide forms. This protects the metal and stops it reacting. However, if steam is passed over hot magnesium, a vigorous reaction happens:
magnesium + steam → magnesium oxide + hydrogen
Mg(s) + H2O(g) → MgO(s) + H2(g)
In this reaction, magnesium is oxidised - it gains oxygen to form magnesium oxide - and water is reduced - it loses oxygen to form hydrogen. A metal's relative resistance to oxidation is related to its position in the reactivity series - in general, the lower down a metal is, the greater its resistance to oxidation
Reactions of metals with dilute acids
When a metal reacts with a dilute acid, a salt and hydrogen are formed. For example, magnesium reacts rapidly with dilute hydrochloric acid:
magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
The more reactive the metal, the more rapid the reaction is. A metal below hydrogen in the reactivity series will not react with dilute acids.