SUBJECT-MATH
Class: GRADE - 5
Name:Kashvi A .V
Explain the fractions and types of. fractions with example
Answers
Fractions are the terms used to determine the parts of a whole object. For example, a pizza is divided into four pieces so each piece of it is represented as 1/4th of pizza. Here 1 is the numerator and 4 is the denominator.
Based on numerator and denominator and apart from the three major fractions, there are three more fractions which are added such as like & unlike fractions and equivalent fractions. Hence, there are in total of six types of fractions such as:
Proper fraction
Improper fraction
Mixed fraction
Like Fractions
Unlike Fractions
Equivalent fractions
Note: The first three fractions are defined for a single fraction but the other three fractions, determine the comparison between two or more fractions.
In real-life scenarios all the measured quantities cannot be a perfect whole number, we may have to deal with parts and portions of whole things, and this is where the concept of fraction comes into the picture.
Different Types of Fraction
A fraction can be considered to be the ratio of two numbers. The upper number is called Numerator, and the lower part is known as the Denominator. When a whole of something is divided into the number of parts, then each part is referred to as a fraction. A typical example of how the concept of fraction works is illustrated in the below figure.
Types of fraction 1
Consider another example, a WHOLE pizza is divided into EIGHT PIECES that form the fraction, where one piece of the whole pizza is represented as 1/8, where 1 is the numerator and 8 is the denominator.
Types of fractions 2
Proper Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is less than the denominator, then it is known as a proper fraction.
i.e., Numerator < Denominator
For example,
Types of fractions-Proper fraction
Note:
The value of proper fraction after further simplification is always less than 1.
Improper Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is greater than the denominator, then it is known as an improper fraction
i.e., Numerator > Denominator
For example,
Types of fraction - Improper fraction
Note:
All the natural numbers can be represented in the form of fractions, where the denominator is always equal to 1.
The simplification of improper fraction results in the value which is equal or greater than 1, but not less than 1.
Mixed Fraction
A mixed fraction is the combination of a natural number and fraction. It is basically an improper fraction.
Types of fraction - Mixed fraction
Note:
Mixed fractions can always be converted into a proper fraction.
An improper fraction can be converted into a mixed fraction.
A mixed fraction is always greater than 1.
Like Fractions
The fractions which have the same denominators are called like fractions.
For example: 1/2, 3/2, 5/2, 7/2 are like fractions
The simplification of such fractions is easy, as all the denominators here are same. Suppose we need to add all the above like fractions, then;
1/2 + 3/2 + 5/2 + 7/2 = (1+3+5+7)/2 = 16/2 = 8
Unlike Fractions
The fractions which have unequal denominators or different denominators are called, unlike fractions.
For example: 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, are unlike fractions.
Simplication for such fractions is a little lengthy method since we need to factorise the denominator first and then simply them (in case of addition and subtraction).
Suppose, we have to add 1/2 and 1/3. Then first we will find the LCM of 2 and 3 which is equal to 6.
Now we need to multiply 1/2 by 3 and 1/3 by 2, both in numerator and denominator.
The fractions become 3/6 and 2/6.
Now if we add 3/6 and 2/6, we get;
3/6+2/6 = 5/6
Equivalent Fractions
When two or more fractions have the same result after simplification to they represent the same portion of the whole, then such fractions are equal to each other and are called equivalent fractions.
For example: 1/2 and 2/4 are equivalent.
1/3 and 3/9 are equivalent.
Examples
Let us see some examples here based on the fraction’s types.
Examples of Proper Fractions: 2/3, 2/4, 2/5, 1/2. 4/7, 7/9, etc. (Numerator < Denominator)
Examples of Improper Fractions: 3/2, 4/2, 5/2, 7/4, 9/7, 8/5, etc. (Numerator > Denominator)
Examples of Mixed Fractions: example of Mixed fraction etc. (Combination of proper and improper fractions)