substance which has maximum depression in freezing point
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Lowering the freezing point allows the street ice to melt at lower temperatures. The maximum depression of the freezing point is about −18 °C (0 °F), so if the ambient temperature is lower, \(NaCl\) will be ineffective
Freezing point is determined by inter-particular forces. Crystals have very high inter-particular forces. The degree of forces is determined largely due to the difference in the attractive forces of the atoms - electronegativity. Therefore, it would seem that because the difference between Na and Cl is greater than the difference of electronegativity (attraction to electrons) than that of Ca then NaCl will have a greater melting point or freezing point than CaCl2. NaCl, freezing point = 801; CaCl2, fp = 772 °C. Urea is not crystalline, high melting point is not expected. It is held together by nothing more than possibly hydrogen bonding wit van der Waal forces. Melting point of urea is 133°C
Freezing point is determined by inter-particular forces. Crystals have very high inter-particular forces. The degree of forces is determined largely due to the difference in the attractive forces of the atoms - electronegativity. Therefore, it would seem that because the difference between Na and Cl is greater than the difference of electronegativity (attraction to electrons) than that of Ca then NaCl will have a greater melting point or freezing point than CaCl2. NaCl, freezing point = 801; CaCl2, fp = 772 °C. Urea is not crystalline, high melting point is not expected. It is held together by nothing more than possibly hydrogen bonding wit van der Waal forces. Melting point of urea is 133°C
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