Question

substantiate with reason NH3 is a nucleophile and AlCl3 is a electrophile

Answer 1

NH3 is nucleophile bcoz it is electron rich coupund which attack on electron deficient center and it is nucleus loving species.
AlCl3 is electrophile or electron loving species which is electron deficient compound and attack on electron rich center

Answer 2

Explanation:

Nucleophile are the species which are electron rich in nature. Whereas electrohile are the species which are electron deficient in nature.

$NH_{3}$ has a lone pair of electron over nitrogen atom. This means there are electrons available for donation and as a result, $NH_{3}$ acts an electron rich specie. Therefore, it is a nucleophile.

On the other hand, Al has six electrons bonded to chlorine atoms that is two electrons are bonded to each chlorine atom. Therefore, according to octet rule aluminium can accommodate two more electrons in order to have a total of eight electrons in its octet. Thus, $AlCl_{3}$ acts as an electrophile.