summarize the effects of planning and making necessary efforts in the battle of confederates
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The Battle of the Trench (Arabic: غزوة الخندق, romanized: Ghazwat al-Khandaq), also known as the Battle of Khandaq (Arabic: معركة خندق, romanized: Ma’rakah al-Khandaq) and the Battle of the Confederates (Arabic: غزوة الاحزاب, romanized: Ghazwat al-Ahzab), was a 27-day-long defense by Muslims of Yathrib (now Medina) from Arab and Jewish tribes. The strength of the confederate armies is estimated at around 10,000 men with six hundred horses and some camels, while the Medinan defenders numbered 3,000.
Battle of the TrenchPart of the Muslim–Quraysh Wars
Combat between Ali ibn Abi Talib (far-left) and Amr ibn Abd al-Wud (right) during the Battle of the TrenchDateShawwal – Dhu al-Qi'dah, AH 5 (in the ancient (intercalated) Arabic calendar)[1] (Monday, 29 December AD 626 - Saturday, 24 January AD 627 (5 Shawwal–1 Dhu al-Qi'dah).Location
Surrounding perimeter of Medina
ResultFailure of siege; decisive Muslim victory.
The withdrawal of the confederate tribes.Belligerents
Muslims Including
The Ansar of Khazraj and Aws
The Muhajirun of various origins including significant portions of Quraysh Immigrants and Banu Qais
Confederates including
the Quraysh tribe of Mecca
the Jewish/Arab tribes of Banu Qurayza and Banu Nadir
Other Arab tribes such as Banu Murra, Khaybar, Huyyay ibn Auf Murri, Banu Ghatafan, Bani Assad, Banu Shuja, and more (see Confederates)
Commanders and leadersMuhammad
Ali Ibn Abi Talib
Salman the Persian
'Ubadah ibn al-Samit[2]Abu Sufyan
Amr ibn Abd al-Wud †
TulayhaStrength3,000[3]10,000[3]Casualties and losses
1~5 people (Reportedly 4)
Light[4]
10 people
Extremely heavy[4]

Map depicting Battle of the Trench (Battle of Khandak) with advance detailing.

Site of the Battle of the Trench, Medina


Mosque Salman al-Farsi, Battle of the Trench, Medina

Battle of the Trench (Medina)

Battle of Khandaq (Battle of the Trench)
The largely outnumbered defenders of Medina, mainly Muslims led by Islamic Prophet Muhammad, dug a trench on the suggestion of Salman the Persian,[5] which, together with Medina's natural fortifications, rendered the confederate cavalry (consisting of horses and camels) useless, locking the two sides in a stalemate. Hoping to make several attacks at once, the confederates persuaded the Muslim-allied Medinan Jews, Banu Qurayza, to attack the city from the south. However, Muhammad's diplomacy derailed the negotiations, and broke up the confederacy against him. The well-organized defenders, the sinking of confederate morale, and poor weather conditions caused the siege to end in a fiasco
The siege was a "battle of wits", in which the Muslims tactically overcame their opponents while suffering very few casualties. Efforts to defeat the Muslims failed, and Islam became influential in the region. As a consequence, the Muslim army besieged the area of the Banu Qurayza tribe, leading to their surrender.
The defeat caused the Meccans to lose their trade and much of their prestige.[4]