summary of constitutional design
Answers
The struggle for freedom had helped in creating a consensus about the shape a democratic India would take after independence. There were differences of opinions among various leaders of the freedom struggle, but they were unanimous in making India into a democratic country.
Motilal Nehru and eight other leaders drafted a constitution as far back as in 1928. In 1931 at Lahore session of Congress, a resolution was passed about the overall objective of the constitution. Both these attempts had certain things in common; like inclusion of universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality and protection of minority rights.
Democratic Constitution in South Africa
Nelson Mandela, the South African leader of African National Congress, fought a long battle against Apartheid.Imprisoned for 28 years (1964–1992) emerged as the First President of the Republic of South Africa.People struggled against the horrible discrimination practised against them by the white minority rulers.Apartheid finally defeated in 1994 and a new constitution made in 1996.Remarkable constitution, forgot past sufferings, sought co-operation of all the races which make S. Africa based on equality, democratic values and social justice.
Do We Need a Constitution?
Yes. A constitution has written laws accepted by people living together in a country.It generates trust and co-ordination.It specifies how a government should be constituted.It lays down limits on the powers of the government.It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.
Making of the Indian Constitution
The process began during the national struggle for freedom.First draft 1928, then 1931. Motilal Nehru and 8 leaders demanded in the draft : universal adult franchise, social justice, right to freedom and liberty.Participation in Provincial Legislatures helped Indians in framing their constitution.Leaders inspired by French Revolution, British parliamentary system and the Bill of Rights of the US.They also learnt what the British were denying Indian citizens.
T he Constituent Assembly
Elections to the Constituent Assembly held in July 1946.Dr. B.R. Ambedkar appointed chairman of the drafting committee.Constitution adopted on 26 November 1949, and enacted on 26 January, 1950, when India became a republic.The Constitution reflects the best minds of the country. Its members represented mini-India. Every law was debated clause by clause and a consensus arrived at.It is the longest written constitution.