Question

summary of judiciary class 11 .....
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Answer 1

Answer-

Judiciary

The principal role of the judiciary is to protect rule of law and ensure supremacy of law. It is necessary that the judiciary is independent of any political pressures. Independence of judiciary does not imply arbitrariness or absence of accountability. The Supreme Court of India is one of the very powerful courts anywhere in the world. The Constitution provides for a single integrated judicial system. The structure of judiciary in India is pyramidal with the Supreme Court at the top. The High Courts work below Supreme Court and district & subordinate Courts at the lowest level in the hierarchy. The lower courts function under the di irect superintendence of the higher courts. Indian constitution ensured no Involvement of Legislature in the process of appointment of Judges to ensure the independence of judiciary. The judiciary is not financially dependent on either the executive or legislature. The judiciary has the power to penalise, in case of any misconduct or contempt of court. Parliament cannot discuss the conduct of Judges. The President appoints the judges of the Supreme Court after consultation with the sitting judges of the Supreme Courts and High Courts in the states. A judge of the Supreme Court or high court can be removed only on the grounds of proven misbehaviour or incapacity. The Supreme Court can give special orders in the form of writs. In all civil and criminal cases, the Supreme Court is the highest court of appeal. Advisory jurisdiction allows the government to seek legal opinion on a matter of importance before taking action on it. The Supreme Court by itself is not bound by its decision and can at any time review it. Public Interest Litigation has become the most important vehicle of judicial activism. Judicial activism has blurred the line of distinction between the executive and legislature on the one hand and the judiciary on the other. Judicial review is the power of a court to review a law for constitutionality and strike down that law if it believes the law to be unconstitutional. The Constitution provides that the conduct of judges cannot be discussed in the Parliament.

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Answer 2

The judiciary is the branch of government that interprets the law. Such systems may have three branches: Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Often the judiciary branch has courts of first resort, appellate courts, and a supreme court or constitutional court.