Question

Summary of map in 99 words

Answer 1

Answer:

ll maps have a scale, which may be simple (for single scale maps) or complex (for multi-scale maps). Modern maps have the advantage of using advanced earth measuring techniques and map projections, which results in more accurate mapping, with a reliably consistent scale applied across the face of the map.

This is based on a ‘flat earth concept’ – i.e. that there are no hills or valleys. As such it is a horizontal scale which makes no allowance for slope.

The scale of a map is usually depicted in two ways

Statement of Scale

This states the ratio between the map and the piece of the earth it is describing (called a Statement of Scale)

An example is 1:100,000 – This states that every unit on the face of the map is equivalent to 100,000 units on the face of the Earth. In other words; 1 centimetre on the map is equivalent to 100,000 centimetres (i.e. 1 kilometre) on the Earth.

Scale Bar

This can be used to measure real-world distances on the map.

For more information and examples of both methods refer to Information about maps (Marginalia).

Generalisation

As the area of land that is being mapped becomes larger (e.g. Tasmania instead of Hobart) fewer individual features are able to be shown on a map. For example at 1:100 all the individual trees in an area could be depicted, but not at 1:100,000. Decisions need to be made about what is important to retain on the map and what can be dispensed with or shown in another manner – for example:

show only a selection of trees

show the trees as a forest area

show no trees.

This decision is dictated by the map’s purpose and how ‘cluttered’ it can become before it becomes unusable. This process of selecting items for inclusion, exclusion or amalgamation is called generalisation, and all maps do it.

Because of the importance of some features, it is sometimes important to show a number of features on a map, regardless of the scale being used.

Consider roads and railways on topographic maps. For this type of map, it is important to show both. However, they are often very close to each other on the ground, on the map their symbols would overlap and be unreadable. Conventions allow for both to be shown on the map by moving one of the features away from the other. This process of deliberately moving features away from their true location is called cartographic generalisation, and not all maps use it.

Explanation:

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