Question

Summary of proposition​

Answer 1

Answer:

Let an argument be modally valid just in case, necessarily, if its premises are true, then its

conclusion is true. Propositions begins with the assumption that some arguments are

modally valid. Chapter 1—‘Propositions and Modal Validity’—argues that the premises

and conclusions of modally valid arguments exist necessarily, have their truth conditions

essentially, and are the fundamental bearers of truth and falsity. Again, some arguments

are modally valid. So there are the premises and conclusions of modally valid arguments.

So there are necessarily existing fundamental bearers of truth and falsity that have their

truth conditions essentially. I shall call these entities ‘propositions’. So there are

propositions.

Chapter 1 argues that the premises and conclusions of modally valid arguments

are propositions (not sentences). Chapter 2—‘Logical Validity and Modal Validity’—

argues that the premises and conclusions of logically valid arguments are sentences (not

propositions). Chapter 2 also argues that modally valid arguments cannot be supplanted

by logically valid arguments, thus buttressing Chapter 1’s argument for the existence of

propositions. In fact, Chapter 2 defends the claim that an argument is logically valid only

if the sentences that are its premises and conclusion express propositions that are

themselves the premises and conclusion of a modally valid argument. And Chapter 2

Explanation:

Answer 2

Explanation:

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