Question

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In the early days of farming, People did not understand how plants obtained essential nutrients.

It so happened that wood ash, fish remains and slaughterhouse waste were thrown on vacant land

just to get rid of them. Then, People started to notice that the grass, bushes and shrubs on this vacant

land began to grow very well. They reasoned that if their crops would also improve. People gradually

began to realize that the amount of nutrients could be increased by the application of such organic

remains to the soil. Thus, started the manuring process in farming.

The practice of manuring has been practiced as early since the seventeenth century. However,

the importance of manuring was not properly understood until scientists began to study the

nutritional needs of plants and gave birth to fertilizers. Thus gradually, the use of fertilizers became

accepted by farmers.

There are many types of manure and fertilizers currently being used. Manure is a substance

derived from animals and plants. The most important advantage of using manure is the fact that they

not only supply a wide range of plant nutrients, but also improve the structure of the soil. It cements

together the soil particles to from soil crumbs. The crumb structure is a desirable condition of

cultivated soil. The addition of manure to soil will increase the inorganic and humans content which

helps to prevent soil erosion and loss of plant nutrients when it rains. The common manure used in

farming consists or farmyard manure, compost, blood meal, bone meal and fish meal.

Unlike manure, fertilizers are inorganic substances’ which do not improve the structure of the

soil. They only supply extra amounts of nutrients to the growing plants when applied to the soil. The

commercial fertilizers commonly used today can be classified into three major categories; namely,

nitrogen (N), phosphate and potash fertilizers.

Besides knowing the type of fertilizer to use, a farmer also needs to know when to apply the

fertilizer and how to apply it. The fertilizer should be applied at the time when the plants need a

particular nutrient most. The time and method of application will determine how profitably the

fertilizers have been used in farming. Fertilizers which have not been properly applied cannot be

absorbed in large quantities by plant roots. These fertilizers may be washed away by rain or they may

kill the plants. This would mean a definite financial loss for the farmer​

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