sun tide raising force is about That moon
Answers
Answer:
We have already seen that the tide raising forces of the sun is only about 1⁄2 that of the moon. But we also need to look at the tide raising forces of the Moon in relation to that of the gravity of the Earth's surface.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Firstly we need to look at Newton’s laws of motion and gravity, however centripetal acceleration plays a major part in this section as well.
Newton’s law of motion states that “the acceleration of a body equals the force acting on it per unit mass”
Newton’s law of gravity states that “a body of mass M exerts a gravitational attraction on a unit of mass at a distance r of in which G is the universal gravitational constant.
Centripetal Acceleration (Ac) is the acceleration of a body towards the center of curvature of the path along which it is moving and for a body with velocity along a path with radius of curvature (r).
We will now compare the gravitational attraction of the Sun on the Earth to that of the Moon on the Earth
Mass of the Sun = 27 million times that of the Mass of the Moon.
Distance of the Sun to Earth = 390 times the distance of the Moon to Earth
So the gravitational attraction of the Sun is 178 times greater than that of the gravitational attraction of the Moon. But how can this be? We all know the moon is more effective in producing tides than the Sun. There is a simple explanation for this, and it is not that we have been lied to!
It is only the proportion of the gravitational force NOT balanced by centripetal acceleration (Ac) in the Earth’s orbital motion that produces the tides. This unbalanced portion is proportional to the inverse cube of the distances rather than the inverse square of the distances from the Earth. However it is still proportional to the mass as in
And so from this we can see that the tide raising forces of the sun are approximately 178/390 = 0.46 times that of the Moon. Or the tide raising forces of the Sun are 1⁄2 that of the tide raising forces of the Moon
In general we talk about the Earth orbiting the Sun, but in reality the Earth and the Sun both rotate around a common center of mass which is less than 500km from the center of the Sun. Similarly the Moon and the Earth are orbiting about a common center of mass that is inside the Earth, approximately 1700km below the surface of the earth. It is the revolution of the Earth in this small orbit that is the counter part of the revolution about the sun.
We have already seen that the tide raising forces of the sun is only about 1⁄2 that of the moon. But we also need to look at the tide raising forces of the Moon in relation to that of the gravity of the Earth’s surface. For this we can neglect all centrifugal forces due to axial rotation.
Upon comparison we see that the tidal forces of the moon is at most one ten-millionth of the earth’s surface gravity. This may be thought of as negligable and thus insignificant, however these tiny forces act on every single particle of water throughout the depth of the ocean, accelerating them towards the sublunar (or subsolar) point on the near side of the Earth and towards the antipode on the farside. Thus the undulations set up in the deep oceans are quite gentle and only become prominent when their energy is compressed horizontally and vertically as they ride up into shallow and restricted coastal zones.
Revolution of the earth/moon system introduces a centripetal force. The horizontal component of the difference between the gravitational and centripetal force is what ‘drives’ the tides. These horizontal tidal tractive forces are very small and are inversely proportional to the cube of the distance between the earth and the moon but because they are not balanced forces they cause water movement. Their distribution on the earth’s surface.
The pattern created by these tide producing forces produce bulges of water over the areas on the near and far sides to the moon where the forces are directed outward from the earth’s surface. Depressions are noted between these areas where the forces are directed inwards. An imaginary earth covered with water, having no land masses, and the effect of the tide producing forces.
Now we introduce the rotation of the earth about it’s polar axis; each point on the surface will pass through the whole pattern of forces in one day, with two passages under the bulges and two under the depressions. This is true for all points on the earth’s surface, except near the poles. Hence the basis for the existence of the semi-diurnal tides on a diurnally rotating earth.
The Sun/Earth system sets up similarly to that of the Earth/Moon system, however the forces involved are much smaller as shown previously.