surface energy
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Answers
Explanation:
The surface energy may therefore be defined as the excess energy at the surface of a material compared to the bulk, or it is the work required to build an area of a particular surface. Another way to view the surface energy is to relate it to the work required to cut a bulk sample, creating two surfaces.
Explanation:
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Cases ⬇️⬇️
➡️ Case 1 = When molecules are inside the liquid :-
• Suppose there is a molecule inside the water , there will be several other molecules that will attract that molecule in all the directions .
• As a result this attraction will bind all the molecules together .
• This results in negative potential energy of all the molecule as it binds the molecule .
• To separate this molecule huge amount of energy is required to overcome potential energy .
• Some external energy is required to move this molecule and it should be greater than the potential energy .
• Therefore in order to seprate this molecule a huge amount of energy is required .
• Therefore a large amount of energy is required by the molecules which are inside the liquid .
➡️ Case 2 = When molecules are at the surface :-
• When the molecules is at the surface , half of it will be inside and half of it is exposed to the atmosphere .
• For the lower half of the molecule it will be attracted by the other molecules inside the liquid .
• But the upper half is free . The negative potential energy is only because of lower half .
• But the magnitude is half as compared to the potential energy of the molecule which is funny inside the liquid .
• So the molecule has some excess energy , because of this additional energy which the molecules have at the surface different phenomenon happen like surface energy , surface tension .
• Liquids always tend to have least surface are when left to itself .
• As more surface area will require more energy as a result liquids tend to have liquid least surface area .
Diagram ⬆️⬆️
Surface energy for two fluids in contact :-
• Whenever there are two fluids , in contact , surface energy depends on materials of the surface in contact .
• Surface energy decreases if the molecules of the two fluids attract .
• Surface energy increases if molecules of the two fluids repeal .
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