symbols and write their functions.
Answers
Answer:
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise very different concepts and experiences.
Answer:
The Event Calculus
Erik T. Mueller, in Commonsense Reasoning (Second Edition), 2015
2.1.5 Notational conventions
In this book we use several notational conventions.
Case conventions
Predicate symbols, function symbols, and nonnumeric constants start with an uppercase letter. Examples of predicate symbols are Walk and InRoom, examples of function symbols are Distance and Cos, and examples of constants are Lisa, Nathan, − 4, 1, and π. Variables start with a lowercase letter. Examples of variables are a, b, b1, and b2.
Implicit universal quantification
Free variables are implicitly universally quantified. For example, P(x, y, z) ˄ ∃u R(u, x) is an abbreviation for ∀x, y, z (P(x, y, z) ˄ ∃u R(u, x)).
Conjunctions and disjunctions
The expression , stands for Γ1 ^…^ Γn, and stands for Γ1 ˅…˅ Γn.
Running exclusive or (XOR) notation
The expression means that exactly one of α1, α2, and α3 is true, which is equivalent neither to nor to . In general,
stands for the conjunction of α1 ˅… ˅ αn and ai ⇒ ¬αj for every i, j ϵ{1,…, n} such that i ≠ j. Thus, stands for
Definitions of abbreviations
The notation defines Γ1 as an abbreviation for Γ2. That is, means that all occurrences of the expression Γ1 are to be replaced with the expression Γ2.