Question

Synthetic material first produced im the 20th century

Answer 1

Explanation:

The Polymer Age is also called the Age of Plastics. "Plastic" (from the Greek "plastikos," meaning moldable) is the popular term for a variety of synthetic, or manmade, polymers. Polymers ("poly" = many) are very large molecules—veritable giants in the molecular world—comprised of smaller molecules called monomers ("mono" = one). Most polymers—but not all—consist of monomers that are similar to each other, joined together in a straight chain, like a long string of pearls.

Thousands of different polymers exist in nature. The most plentiful natural polymer in the world is cellulose, the major natural structural material of trees and other plants. The proteins that make up our bodies are polymers, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the material that carries the genetic codes for all living creatures.

Chemists did not fully understand or identify polymers until around 1900. But as early as 1861, the British chemist Thomas Graham had noted that when he dissolved organic compounds in solutions, some of them—cellulose, for instance—would not pass through even the finest filter paper without leaving sticky residues. Nor could these compounds be purified into a crystalline form. Dr. Graham thought such substances represented an entirely different organization of matter. He called them "colloids," after "kolla," the Greek word for glue, another material that could not penetrate fine filters.

Many 19th century manufacturers modified colloids and natural polymers to form new materials. In 1870, the American inventor John Wesley Hyatt used chemically modified cellulose to produce an astonishing new product called Celluloid, a plastic that was used for everything from hair combs to silent-movie film. By 1890, Count Hilaire de Chardonnet was marketing the first synthetic textile, Chardonnet silk, made by spinning strands of cellulose nitrate into artificial fiber.

These and other early plastics were made from existing materials. The next step—the creation of completely synthetic plastic—was still to come.

Answer 2

$\texttt{\huge{\red{Nylon}}}$

is the synthetic material made only from chemicals by the company DuPont in the 1930s.