Question

System of classification of angiosperm based on a number of character is

Answer 1

Answer:

Classification of Angiosperms

A large number of plants fall into this category and so there was a requirement to classify angiosperms. There are three systems that classify angiosperms:

Artificial Systems based on superficial features.

Natural systems based on form relationships.

Phylogenetic systems based on evolutionary and genetic relationships.

Artificial systems

These systems of classification were based on one or few morphological characters. Many botanists used this system and classified angiosperms into different classes. Few of these botanists are

Theophrastus- who is known as the father of botany and apparently the first to provide a difference between dicots and monocots.

John Ray- His system was more advanced than the earlier systems

Carolus Linnaeus- Introduced the  binomial system of naming

Natural Systems

These systems the plants were classified on the basis of their natural affinities (i.e. the basic similarities in the morphology) rather than on a character for determining the affinities. Compared to the artificial systems, it was based on the proper utilization of all facts and figures avai­lable in nature. In this system, the plants were grouped and placed into different taxa like classes, orders, families, and genera. Michel Adanson was the first scientist to reject all the artificial systems and support the natural systems of classification. The main demerit of this system was that the classification was not based on evolutionary relationships. Different families had been placed in specific groups which do not show any evolutionary relationships.

Phylogenetic systems

These classification systems came up after Darwin’s theory of evolution was proposed and widely accepted.

There were two popular systems:

Engler and Prantl: They arranged flowering plants according to increasing complexity of their floral morphology. Their system considered monocots as more primitive than dicots.

Hutchinson: He proposed the most widely used classification which is also known as the ‘Hutchinson’s classification’.

The Hutchinson’s classification broadly divided angiosperms into:

Dicotyledons

Monocotyledons