Question

Taking hydrogen chloride and methane as examples, distinguish between a polar covalent bond and a non-polar
covalent bond.
itions necessary for the formation of covalent molecule?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Polar covalent bonds (eg HCl) have a higher distortion(due to strong attraction by electonegative atom) of atoms participating in bond due to greater electonegativity difference between them (H=2.1 Cl=3 difference=0.9).

this is because of higher electonegativity of Cl atom

In non polar covalent bonds (eg CH4) there is lesser degree of distortion due to absence of atoms with high electonegativity (like F , O , N ,Cl).

So there is lesser attraction and hence lesser polarisation of charges and hence lesser distortion of shape