Question

Targeted Public Distribution System ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Objective:

to provide subsidised food and fuel to the poor through a network of ration shops. Food grains such as rice and wheat that are provided under TPDS are procured from farmers, allocated to states and delivered to the ration shop where the beneficiary buys his entitlement.

The Public Distribution System (PDS):

• PDS which evolved as a system of management for food and distribution of food grains was relaunched as Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) in June 1997.
• It is controlled by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs.
• Operated jointly by the Central Government and the State Government of India.

The responsibilities include:

• Issues of Ration Cards for the people below the poverty line.
• Identification of families living below the poverty line.
• Management of food scarcity and distribution of food grains.
• Allocations of commodities such as rice, wheat, kerosene and sugar to the States and Union Territories.
• Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS):

TPDS was introduced in 1997 under the Minimum Common Need Programme of Government of India.

It envisages identifying the poor households and giving them a fixed entitlement of food grains, rice and/ or wheat at specially subsidized prices (at half the Economic Cost).

Categorisation of beneficiaries:

Under TPDS, beneficiaries were divided into two categories:

• Households below the poverty line or BPL (BPL Yellow rationcard holders are provided with 35 Kgs foodgrains (Wheat + Rice)
• Households above the poverty line or APL. (APL Saffron rationcard holders are provided with 15 Kgs foodgrains (Wheat + Rice)).
• In 2000, additional classification of Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) out of BPL families was included to provide dedicated food grain allotments at highly subsidised prices to the poorest of the poor.
• TDPS is administered under the Public Distribution System (Control) Order 2001, notified under the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA). TDPS (Control) Order, 2015 and PDS (Control) Order, 2001, stipulate that State/UT Governments are required to review the lists of beneficiaries every year for the purpose of deletion of ineligible families and inclusion of eligible families.
• TPDS is operated under the joint responsibility of the Central and the State/Union Territory (UT) Governments. Central Government is responsible for procurement, allocation and transportation of food grains upto the designated depots of the Food Corporation of India. The distribution of food grains within the States/UTs, identification of eligible beneficiaries etc. rest with the concerned State/UT Governments.
• In September 2013, Parliament enacted the National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013. The Act relies largely on the existing TPDS to deliver food grains as legal entitlements to poor households.
• To prevent the violation of provisions of TPDS [Control] Order 2015 and NFSA 2013, the Department of Food & Public Distribution started ‘End-to-end Computerisation of TPDS Operations’ scheme for digitization of ration cards/beneficiary and other databases, setting up of transparency portals and grievance redressal mechanisms and issuance of foodgrains through biometric authentication.

PUCL vs. Union of India

In 2001, the People’s Union for Civil Liberties filed a writ petition in the Supreme Court contending that the “right to food” is essential to the right to life as provided in Article 21 of the Constitution.

The Court issued several interim orders, including the implementation of eight central schemes as legal entitlements such as PDS, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, the Mid-Day Meal Scheme, and Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS). In 2008, the Court ordered that Below Poverty Line (BPL) families be entitled to 35 kg of food grains per month at subsidised prices.

Answer 2

First let us understand what is Target Public Distribution System...⭐

In June, 1997, the Government of India launched the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS)with focus on the poor. ... The scheme, when introduced, was intended to benefit about 6 crore poor families for whom a quantity of about 72 lakh tonnes of food grains was earmarked annually.

Now let us understand its objective⭐

Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS):

Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS):TPDS was introduced in 1997 under the Minimum Common Need Programme of Government of India. It envisages identifying the poor households and giving them a fixed entitlement of food grains, rice and/ or wheat at specially subsidized prices (at half the Economic Cost).

Now let us understand the difference between Public Distribution System and Target Public System⭐

TPDS (Targeted public distribution system ) is on "poor in all areas " and TPDS involves issue of 10kg of food grains per family per month for population BPL at specially subsidised prices. PDS (Public distribution system ) is the key element of the government's food security system in India.

Now let us talk about its advantages and disadvantages ⭐

Advantages...

TPDS aims at providing food grains to people below the poverty line at highly subsidised prices from the PDS and food grains to people above the poverty line at much higher prices than the poverty line Thus, the TPDS adopted by the Government of India maintains the universal character of the PDS but adds a special ...

Disadvantages....

Instances of hunger occur despite granaries being full. This points to certain lacunae or inefficiency in the system. High level of buffer stocks often leads to wastage of foodgrains and deterioration in quality.

Hope it helps you.....⭐

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