Tell me a summary on matter and it's composition
Answers
Answer:
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
A physical change involves the conversion of a substance from one state of matter to another, without changing its chemical composition.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
An understanding of chemistry is essential for understanding much of the natural world and is central to many other disciplines. Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes material substances undergo. It is essential for understanding much of the natural world and central to many other scientific disciplines, including astronomy, geology, paleontology, biology, and medicine.
The Molecular Perspective of Chemistry
Matter – physical material of the universe, has mass and takes up space
Atoms – the building blocks of matter
Molecules – groups of combined atoms
Why Study Chemistry?
important in understanding our world
chemistry is the central science
many various subjects have some kind of relation to chemistry
1.2: Classification of Matter
Matter can be classified according to physical and chemical properties. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A physical change involves the conversion of a substance from one state of matter to another, without changing its chemical composition. Most matter consists of mixtures of pure substances, which can be homogeneous (uniform in composition) or heterogeneous (different regions possess different compositions & properties.
States of Matter
states of matter: liquid, solid, and gas
Pure Substances and Mixtures
pure substance – matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties
substances can be classified as elements or compounds
elements – composed of only one atom
compounds – two ore more elements
mixtures – combination of two or more substances
heterogeneous – mixtures that are not uniform throughout
homogeneous – mixtures that are uniform throughout; also called solutions
Separation of Mixtures
components in a mixture retain their own properties
mixtures can be separated by using the different properties of each substance
types of separation: filtration, distillation, chromatography
Elements
over 90% of earth’s crust consists of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, and calcium
human body consists of 90% of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen
Compounds
law of constant composition (law of definite proportions) – elemental composition of a pure compound is always the same
1.3: Properties of Matter
All matter has physical and chemical properties. Physical properties are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the composition of the sample under study, such as mass, color, and volume (the amount of space occupied by a sample). Chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion.
physical properties – properties measured by not changing the identity and composition of the substance
chemical properties – the way a substance may change or react to form other substances
intensive properties – identify substances
extensive properties – amount of substance
Physical and Chemical Changes
physical change results in a change in appearance but not composition
changes of state are physical changes
chemical changes (chemical reactions) results in a chemically different substance