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extraction of ore ....
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Answer:
Ore is natural rock or sediment that contains desirable minerals, typically metals, that can be extracted from it.[1] Ore is extracted from the earth through mining and refined, often via smelting, to extract the valuable element or elements.
The grade of ore refers to the concentration of the desired material it contains. The value of the metal an ore contains must be weighed against the cost of extraction to determine whether it is of sufficiently high grade to be worth mining.
Metal ores are generally oxides, sulfides, silicates, native metals such as copper, or noble metals such as gold. Ores must be processed to extract the elements of interest from the waste rock. Ore bodies are formed by a variety of geological processes generally referred to as ore genesis
The basic extraction of ore deposits follows these steps:
Prospecting or exploration to find and then define the extent and value of ore where it is located ("ore body")
Conduct resource estimation to mathematically estimate the size and grade of the deposit
Conduct a pre-feasibility study to determine the theoretical economics of the ore deposit. This identifies, early on, whether further investment in estimation and engineering studies is warranted and identifies key risks and areas for further work.
Conduct a feasibility study to evaluate the financial viability, technical and financial risks and robustness of the project and make a decision as whether to develop or walk away from a proposed mine project. This includes mine planning to evaluate the economically recoverable portion of the deposit, the metallurgy and ore recoverability, marketability and payability of the ore concentrates, engineering, milling and infrastructure costs, finance and equity requirements and a cradle to grave analysis of the possible mine, from the initial excavation all the way through to reclamation.
Development to create access to an ore body and building of mine plant and equipment
The operation of the mine in an active sense
Reclamation to make land where a mine had been suitable for future use
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Answer:
An ore is an occurrence of rock or sediment that contains sufficient minerals with economically important elements, typically metals, that can be economically extracted from the deposit. ... The ores must be processed to extract the elements of interest from the waste rock and from the ore minerals.
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