Question

Tell the points of green india mission and what is the use for plants and animals

Answer 1

National Mission for a Green India or the commonly called Green India Mission (GIM), is one of the eight Missions outlined under India’s action plan for addressing the challenge of climate change -the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). GIM, launched in February 2014, is aimed at protecting, restoring and enhancing India’s diminishing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures.

The mission has the broad objective of both increasing the forest and tree cover by  5 million ha,  as  well as increasing the quality of the existing forest and tree cover in  another 5 million ha of forest/ non forest lands in 10 years. The Mission proposes a holistic view of greening and focuses not on carbon sequestration targets alone, but also, on multiple ecosystem services, especially, biodiversity, water, biomass etc., along with provisioning services like fuel, fodder, timber and non-timber forest produces.  It will also increase options of forest based livelihood of households living in the fringe of those landscapes where the Mission is implemented.

Generally a "mission mode" project implies a project that has clearly defined objectives, scopes, implementation timelines and milestones, as well as measurable outcomes and service levels.

GIM- Goals
The Mission goals are as listed below:

To increase forest/tree cover to the extent of 5 million hectares (mha) and improve quality of forest/tree cover on another 5 mha of forest/non-forest lands; Separate sub-targets exists for different forest types and ecosystems (eg. Wetland, grassland, dense forest etc.). For instance, GIM aims at:Improvement in quality of forest cover and ecosystem services of forests /non-forests, including moderately dense, open forests, degraded grassland and wetlands (5 m ha). The sub-targets are:Moderately dense forest cover, but showing degradation: 1.5 m haEco-restoration of degraded open forests: 3 m haRestoration of Grasslands: 0.4 m haRestoration of Wetlands: 0.10 m haEco-restoration/afforestation of scrub, shifting cultivation areas, cold deserts, mangroves, ravines and abandoned mining areas (1.8 m ha) with separate sub –targets for each one of those.Improvement in forest and tree cover in urban/peri-urban lands (0.20 m ha)Improvement in forest and tree cover on marginal agricultural lands/fallows and other non-forest lands under agro-forestry / social forestry (3 m ha)To improve/enhance eco-system services like carbon sequestration and storage (in forests and other ecosystems), hydrological services and biodiversity; along with provisioning services like fuel, fodder, and timber and non-timber forest produces (Minor forest produces or MFPs) etc which are expected to result from the treatment of 10 m ha;To increase forest based livelihood income for about 3 million households in and around these forest areas; andEnhanced annual CO2 sequestration by 50 to 60 million tonnes in the year 2020