Test to distinguish between carboxylic acid and aldehyde
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Reacting aldehyde with Tollen's reagent.
That is, mix aldehyde with ammoniacal silver nitrate solution.
It is an oxidation reaction. Wherin the aldehyde will oxidize itself to give carboxyl group and produce a silver mirror at the bottom of the test tube.
In a way all non base involving oxidation tests are valid for the distinction. This is because carboxyl group is an acidic group. So when a seeker acid or a base is mixed with it, it tends to react. S o does the carboxyl group. Here however, the carboxyl group does not react with Tollen's reagent leaving the mixture as it is…
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