Test tube containing solution of soap in tap water and distilled water
Answers
Materials required:
Three beakers
Three test tubes
Distilled water
Well water
2 g Calcium chloride
Three glass rods
Three pieces of soap each weighing 1 g
Measuring cylinder
Measuring scale
Cloth pieces (5 cm x 5 cm )
Ink
Dropper
Real Lab Procedure:
Take three beakers and label them as A, B and C.
In beaker A, put 20ml of distilled water using a measuring cylinder.
In beaker B, put 20 ml of water obtained from a well using another measuring cylinder.
In beaker C, add 20 ml of distilled water. To this, add 2 g of calcium chloride and stir with a glass rod till it dissolves.
Take three soap pieces, each weighing 1g.
Add one soap piece to each beaker A, B and C.
Stir the contents in the beakers with separate glass rods to ensure that soap has dissolved.
In case the soap does not dissolve completely, heat the beaker gently on a Bunsen flame with constant stirring.
In beaker A, the soap solution formed is almost clear, in beaker B, some turbidity is observed and in beaker C scum is formed.
Take three test tubes and label them as A, B and C and place them in a test tube rack.
Pour 10 ml of soap solution from beaker A into test tube A and 10 ml of soap solution from beaker B into test tube B and 10 ml of soap solution from beaker C into test tube C, using separate measuring cylinders.
Measure the initial length of each soap solution with a measuring scale.
Hold the test tube A by hand.
Close its mouth with the thumb and shake it thoroughly 10 times in upward-downward direction.
It is observed that lather has formed in the test tube.
Measure the length of foam and the final length of the soap solution with the measuring scale.
Repeat the above four steps for test tubes B and C.
Simulator Procedure:
To start the experiment, select any one of the procedure from ‘Select Procedure’ drop down list.
If the procedure selected is,
Distilled water
Drag the soap piece towards the beaker to add it into the beaker containing distilled water.
Click on the glass rod to stir the mixture in the beaker.
Turn on the burner by clicking on the ‘knob’ of the burner.
Drag the beaker towards the Bunsen burner to place it over the burner and gently heat it.
Click on the glass rod to stir the mixture in the beaker.
Turn off the burner by clicking on the ‘knob’ of the burner.
Click on the information to see the inference.
Click on the ‘NEXT STEP’ button to go to the next process.
Click on the test tube to move it up.
Click on the beaker to pour soap solution into the test tube.
Click on the test tube to zoom it.
Drag the scale towards the test tube and measure the initial length of the soap solution.
Click on the close button to go to the previous stage.
Click on the test tube to shake it up and down.
Click on the information icon to see the inference.
Click on the test tube to zoom it.
Drag the scale towards the test tube and measure the length of the lather and final length of the soap solution.
Click on the ‘NEXT STEP’ button to go to the next process.
Drag the cloth piece containing ink spot towards the beaker to put it into the beaker containing soap solution.
Click on the beaker to see the zoomed view of cloth.
Click on the information icon to see the inference.
You can redo the experiment anytime by clicking on the ‘Reset’ button.
● Reaction of soap with distilled water -
- Soap doesn't react with distilled water.
- Soap just decreases surface tension of water.
● Reaction of soap with hard water -
- Hard water contains salts of calcium and magnesium.
- These ions displace sodium ion from soap molecules to form insoluble ppt (scum).
Ca2+ + 2Na(stearate)↓ → Ca(stearate)2 + 2Na+
Hope this helped you...