Question

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1). Explain the causes of deforestation.

2). How do we conserve forests?

3). What do you understand by interdependence of plant and animals?

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Answer 1

1. Multiple factors, either of human or natural origin, cause deforestation. Natural factors include natural forest fires or parasite-caused diseases which can result in deforestation. Nevertheless, human activities are among the main causes of global deforestation. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the expansion of agriculture caused nearly 80% of global deforestation, with the construction of infrastructures such as roads or dams, together with mining activities and urbanization, making up the remaining causes of deforestation
2. Conservation of forest is the practice of planting more trees and maintaining the forested areas for the sustainability for future generations. Forests are an important natural resource and are beneficial to humans in several ways. But due to increasing deforestation activities, it has become essential to conserve forests throughout the world. Deforestation is the permanent destruction or loss of forests for the expansion of lands for agriculture, livestock, etc. The process of destructing forests for the expansion of agricultural land is referred to as shifting cultivation.Following are some of the major steps for conservation of forest:With the advent of industrialization, several trees have been cut at an alarming rate for raw materials and various other purposes. This felling of trees can be regulated by selective cutting, clear-cutting and shelterwood cutting.Forest fires are one of the common causes of loss of forests. Sometimes the forest land is set on fire to make the land available for commercial purposes. Once cleared, there can be no vegetation. Natural forest fires are also responsible for the destruction of huge forest covers. Latest fire fighting techniques should be adopted to conserve the forest. However, forest fires are an important part of the ecosystem and it helps replenish nutrients in the soil from dead and decaying matter.More trees should be planted to increase the forest cover. Trees should be selected according to the geographical conditions of a particular region and proper care should be taken during the growth of trees.Prevention of exploitation of forestry and forest products is necessary for the conservation of forest.The existing forests should be protected from diseases by spraying chemicals, antibiotics or development of pest-resistant strains of trees.

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Answer 2

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Ans-1). Deforestation has taken place due to the following reason:-

1. Due to the increasing demand of wood and Timber.

2. Increasing the demand of land for constructing factories, house ,roads and dams.

3. Due to increasing mining activity.

4. Due to decreasing level of water table,a large number of trees have died.

Ans-2). 1.Stop the overgrazing by animals to conserve forest.

2. Large scale cutting of the tree must be stopped.

3. Control over forest fire.

4. All activities leading to soil erosion must be stopped.

5. Reforestation and afforestation.

Ans-3). 1. Animals get their food from plants.

2. Some animals make their shelter on plants or trees.

3. Animals get oxygen from the plant.

4. Plant depends on animal for Carbon dioxide gas.

5. Plant depends on animals for pollination and seeds dispersal.

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