summary of the rise of nationalism in Europe.
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After the death of Napoleon, nationalism came to be attached to more conservative ideas. The rulers of nations like Russia, Belgium, Austria and France used modernisation to return to conservative rule. Highly strict laws, a strong army and bureaucracy, etc. would now set up authoritarian regimes.
Unification by Revolutionaries
As a reaction to the autocratic conservatives, there grew a huge force of revolutionaries who still lived with the spirit of liberalism. They created underground societies and clubs and wanted a revolution to unite provinces into democratic nation states. This, along with romanticism and economic hardship created the perfect background for the unification of states and Germany, Italy, Greece and several other European ultimately became nation-states.
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