Question

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1. All living things respire. Do all living things breathe? Describe how they obtain their oxygen.

2. Respiration is a chemical reaction.
(a) Where does it take place?
(b) What type of chemical reaction is it?
(c) Why is it important for living cells?

3. Respiration releases energy from food. Explain how the energy came to be present in the food.

4. Discuss how the structure of the lungs, including the alveoli, is designed to make gas exchange as efficient as possible.

5. Explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings.

6. How does gaseous exchange take place in
(i) earthworms
(ii) frogs
(iii) insects
(iv) fish?

7. Under what conditions do our muscles breathe anaerobically? How can we get relief from cramps?
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Answer 1

1) Yes, all the living organisms present on the earth breathe.

All the living organisms need oxygen to survive; plants take in oxygen through sunlight by the process of photosynthesis and animals/humans take in through air.

2)

a) In plants, respiration occurs in plants' cells and in animals/ humans, it mainly occurs inside mitochondria.

b) It's an exergonic reaction in which organic compounds release energy that is their changes into different forms.

c) It's important for survival of living organisms. From food, the energy is released for this process. For living cells it is considered to be important for the survival of living organisms.

3) The food which we eat, releases energy. Our body digest the food by chewing and mixing with the acids and enzymes in the stomach. When the stomach digest the food, the sugar and starches breaks down the food into glucose. Thus, this is how energy comes into existence.

4) In lungs, balloon like structure is called alveoli are present that provide maximum surface area for exchange of gases. The Alveoli have very thin walls and contain an extensive network of blood vessels to facilitate the exchange of gases.

5) Human beings take in oxygen from the atmosphere and release carbon dioxide ine return. This complete process occurs in breathing. The mechanism for moving the Oxygen and Carbon dioxide out in the human beings is termed as gaseous exchange. It gets completed in three main steps - inhalation, exchange of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide in alveoli and exhalation.

6)

i) through skin.

ii) by taking air in through their skills and down into lungs.

iii) through internal tubes.

iv) through gills.

7) Anaerobic respiration occurs when we practice hard exercises. The breakdown of glucose produces lactic acid and they together constitutes and causes muscle cramps. Pouring hot water on muscles, we get relief from cramps.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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and also some ans hope it helps

A1)

_The food has stored energy, which is released during respiration. Therefore, all living organisms respire to get energy from food. During breathing, we breathe in air. You know that air contains oxygen. We breathe out air which is rich in carbon dioxide. The air we breathe in is transported to all parts of the body and ultimately to each cell. In the cells, oxygen in the air helps in the breakdown of food. The process of breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration takes place in the cells of all organisms.

A2)

_a) The mitochondria , found in the cell cytoplasm, are where most respiration happens.

_b) Respiration is an Exothermic reaction

formulae- The chemical equation is C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water).

_c) Respiration is important because it produces energy that is essential for the normal functioning of the body. Respiration provides cells with oxygen and expels toxic carbon dioxide. The BBC notes that cells need energy for movement, multiplication, the synthesis of essential molecules and maintaining body temperature.