Question

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Write about following glands..!!

# Thyroid gland
#Pituitary gland
#Adrenal gland


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Answer 1

$\huge{\underline{\underline{\mathrm{\red{Thyroid\:Gland-}}}}}$

★ Location : It is situated in the neck, in front of larynx and upper part of the trachea.

★ Hormones : This gland secrete the Thyroxin hormone. This hormone is synthesized from the iodine.

★ Functions :

• It regulates the carbohydrate, Protein and fat metabolism in the body to provide best balance for growth.

• The hormone controls the basal metabolic rate ( BMR ) of the body, by controlling general metabolism.

• The hormone controls the working of kidneys.

★ Deficiency disease : Its deficiency causes the goitre. The main reason is no synthesis of the thyroxin due to Deficiency of iodine in our diet. The symptom is enlargement ( swelling ) of neck. Addition of iodine to table salt can prevent this disorder.

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$\huge{\underline{\underline{\mathrm{\red{Pituitary\:Gland-}}}}}$

This gland is also known as the master gland.

★ Location : It is situated in the brain, belows the hypothalamus, attached with it by a stalk.

★ Hormones : It secretes about nine hormones acting on different organs if the body. One of them is growth hormone or somatotropin.

★ Functions :

• It regulates the growth of body by acting on long bones.

• It regulates the normal development of the body by protein synthesis and cell division.

★ Disorders :

• It may be secreted in either small or more quantity. If the hormone is secreted in less amount, then body remains dwarf. This disorder is known as dwarfism.

• If the hormone is secreted in more amount, then body becomes too long. This disorder is known as the Giantism.

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$\huge{\underline{\underline{\mathrm{\red{Adrenal\:Gland-}}}}}$

These glands are also known as the suprarenal glands. These are paired glands.

★ Location : These are placed at the top of kidneys.

★ Hormone : These secrete adrenaline hormone.

★ Functions : This Hormone is known as fight, flight Hormone because of preparing the body to face any danger or stress. It helps in following functions :

• It makes heart beats faster, as the heart is the target organ for it. It results in the more supply of organ to our muscles.

• It reduces the flow of blood to digestive system by contracting small arteries in these organs. As a result of this, the blood is diverted to the skeletal muscles.

• It increases the breathing rate by contracting the diaphragm and ribs muscles.

★ Deficiency disorder : In the deficiency of this hormone, the body can't withdraw the energy quickly and hence can't face dangerous situations. In other words, the body can't prepare itself for any emergency.

Due to the particular functions of preparing the body ready for dangerous situations, the adrenal glands are known as the glands of emergency.

Answer 2

$\huge{\underline{\underline{\red{\mathrm{Answer}}}}}:-$

$\huge\underline\mathrm\red{Thyroid \; Gland}:-$

Thyroid gland is attached to the wind pipe in our body thyroid gland makes a hormone called thyroxine which contains iodine the function of thyroxine hormone is to control the rate of metabolism of Carbohydrates fats and proteins in the body. the deficiency of iodine in the diet of a person produce less thyroxine hormone and cause a disease known as goitre.

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$\huge\underline\mathrm\red{Pituitary\; Gland}:-$

Pituitary Gland is present just below the brain this gland secrets a number of hormones one of the hormones secreted by this gland is growth hormone or human growth hormone the growth hormone controls the growth of the body for example growth hormone control the development of bones and muscles.

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$\huge\underline\mathrm\red{Adrenal \; Gland}:-$

Adrenal gland there are two adrenal glands which are located on the top of two Kidneys the adrenal glands secrets adrenaline hormone the function of adrenaline hormone is to regulate heart rate breathing blood pressure and carbohydrate metabolism adrenaline hormone is secreted in small amounts all the time but in large amounts when a person is frightened or excited .

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