List all the Government schemes which are come in force to Improve the Facility of Education in our county??
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Education is the most important lever for social, economic and political
transformation. A well-educated population, equipped with the relevant knowledge,
attitudes and skills is essential for economic and social development in the twenty-first
century. Education is the most potent tool for socio-economic mobility and a key
instrument for building an equitable and just society. Education provides skills and
competencies for economic well-being. Education strengthens democracy by imparting
to citizens the tools needed to fully participate in the governance process. Education
also acts as an integrative force in society, imparting values that foster social cohesion
and national identity1
.
Before 1976, education was the exclusive responsibility of the States. The
Constitutional Amendment of 1976, which included education in the concurrent List,
was a far-reaching step. The substantive, financial and administrative implication
required a new sharing of responsibility between the Union Government and the
States. While the role and responsibility of the States in education remained largely
unchanged, the Union Government accepted a larger responsibility of reinforcing the
national and integrated character of education, maintaining quality and standard
including those of the teaching profession at all levels, and the study and monitoring of
the educational requirements of the country.
In order to achieve UEE (Universalisation of Elementary Education, the
Government of India has initiated a number of programmes and projects2
. The
Government adopts an integrated approach in the implementation of the various
centrally sponsored schemes, in keeping with principles of the National Policy on
Education, to ensure that the education of equitable quality for all to fully harness thenation‟s human resource potential. The common objectives are to enhance access
through the expansion of quality school education; to promote equity through the
inclusion of disadvantaged groups and weaker sections, and to improve the quality of
education.
The following Centrally sponsored programmes are being implemented in the
Education Sector under Ministry of Human Resource Development3
i) Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan: Launched in 2001 Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan(SSA) is
one of India‟s major flagship programmes for universalisation of elementary education
ii) Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya: KGBVs are residential upper primary
schools for girls from SC, ST, OBC and Muslim communities. KGBVs are set up in areas
of scattered habitations where schools are at great distances and are a challenge to
the security of girls. This often compels girls to discontinue their education. KGBV
addresses this through setting up residential schools, in the block itself. KGBVs
reach out to :
Adolescent girls who are unable to go to regular schools.
Out of school girls in the 10+ age group who are unable to complete primary
school.
Younger girls of migratory populations in difficult areas of scattered habitations
that do not qualify for primary/upper primary schools.
iii) National Programme for Education of Girls at Elementary Level
(NPEGEL): NPEGEL is implemented in educationally backward blocks (EBB) and
addresses the needs of girls who are „in‟ as well as „out‟ of school. NPEGEL also
reaches out to girls who are enrolled in school, but do not attend school regularly.
iv) Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS): In keeping with the Constitutional
provisions to raise the level of nutrition of children and enable them to develop in a
healthy manner, the National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education
(NP-NSPE) was launched as a Centrally sponsored scheme in 1995. Commonly referred
to as MDMS, this was expected to enhance enrolment, retention, attendance of
children in schools apart from improving their nutritional levels. This was extended to
upper primary (classes VI to VIII) children in 3,479 Economically Backwards blocks
(EBBs) in 2007 and then universalised at the elementary level in the year 2008.
v) The Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan: A Centrally sponsored scheme
with a funding pattern of 75:25 between Centre and States (90:10 for Special Category
and North Eastern States), was launched in 2009–10.
vi) Scheme for Setting up of 6000 Model Schools at Block Level: The
Scheme envisages providing quality education to talented rural children through setting
up 6000 model schools as benchmark of excellence at block level at the rate of one school per block. The scheme was launched in 2008-09 and is being implemented
from 2009-10. The objectives are:
To have at least one good quality senior secondary school in every block.
To have a pace setting role.
To try out innovative curriculum and pedagogy
To be a model in infrastructure, curriculum, evaluation and school governance.
vii) Scheme of Vocationalisation of Secondary Education at +2 level: