Question

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Define the following terms in 3-4 lines :

• Upper epidermis
• lower epidermis
• palisade cells
• spongy cells
• grana thylakoids



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Answer 1

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⏪Upper Epidermis

Upper Edermis is a single layer of cell containing few or no chloroplasts.The upper surface is covered with a waxy, waterproof cuticle, which serves to reduce water loss from the leaf.

⏩Lower Epidermis

Lower epidermis refers to a single layer of cells on the lower surface of the leaf that contains stomata and guard cells.

⏩Palisade cells

Palisade cells are plant cells located on the leaves, right below the epidermis and cuticle

⏪Spongy cells

Spongy tissue is a type of tissue found both in plants and animals.It allows for the interchange of gases (CO2) that are needed for photosynthesis.

⏪Grana thylakoids

A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

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Answer 2

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Upper Epidermis

✏️The upper surface is covered with a waxy, waterproof cuticle, which serves to reduce water loss from the leaf...

Lower Epidermis

✏️It contains stomata cells that help prevent water loss and regulate the exchange of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, enabling plants to survive...

Palisade Cells

✏️Palisade cells are found in the mesophyll of a leaf and their main function is the absorption of light so that photosynthesis can take place. The palisade mesophyll consists of chloroplasts with chlorophyll that absorb the light energy...

Spongy Cells

✏️The spongy mesophyll allows the plant to bend and move in the wind, which itself helps move gases around the leaf's cells...