Question

$\huge{\underline{\sf{\orange{ Question -}}}}$

Mention Natural air - pollutants and its type.​

Answer 1

$\huge{\underline{\tt{\purple{Answer-}}}}$

Toxic gases errupted from volcanoes, pollengrains, spores, spreading in a atmosphere. Dust particles, etc. Are the main natural air pollutants extracted in atmosphere.

The gases which caused pollution and harm to our atmosphere are called pollutants .

e.g. carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, nitrogen oxides

$\small{\underline{\tt{\blue{There \: are \:major \: 5 \:air \: pollutants. \: They \: are - }}}}$

• Ozone (O3)

• Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

• Carbon Monoxide (CO)

• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

• Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5)

$\small{\underline{\tt{\orange{Harmful\: effects \: of \: air \: pollutants:-}}}}$

• Air pollutants gases caused respiratory problems.

• It may also effect our brain, kidney, liver and nerve.

• It may lead damage in our reproductive organs.

• It may also create irritation in our head, eyes, noes etc.

• It may also burn fossils fuel.

• It can also destroy agricultural activities.

$\small{\underline{\tt{\pink{Air\: \:pollutants\: can\: be\: divide\: into\: two \:categories:- }}}}$

Primary pollutants:- the pollutants which come into atmosphere directly from various sources are called primary pollutants.

eg. SO2, CO2 oxides of nitrogen etc.

Secondary pollutants:- such pollutants are produced by the reaction of primary pollutants and common compounds located in atmosphere.

eg. Peroxy acetyl nitrate (PAN), SMOg, etc.

Answer 2

$\textbf{ \large{ \underline{Natural Air - Pollutants and its type }}}$

Volcanic eruptions release gases and ashes that pollute the air. Pollution of air from volcanic eruptions in some geological periods has changed the Earth's climate. Lightning storms and solar flames produce harmful chemicals. Forest fires release harmful gases. Natural organic and inorganic decays release harmful dust and sulphur gases. Dust storms are another factor of air pollution.

Pollen, spores, cysts, bacteria and marsh gases are natural pollutants. Marsh gas (Methane, $\sf{CH_{4}}$) is a light, colourless, inflammable hydrocarbon gas formed by decay of vegetable matter in marshy places and coal mines.

$\textbf{ \underline{Mainly air pollutants are of 3 types : - }}$

• Gaseous Pollutants
• Particulate Pollutants
• Radioactive Pollutants

$\textbf{ \underline{Gaseous Pollutants : -}}$

These are in gaseous state at ordinary temperature and pressure. Five primary pollutants contribute about 90% of the global air pollution.

1. Oxide of Carbon : – These include carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide ($\sf{CO_{2}}$).
2. Oxide of Nitrogen : – These include nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide ($\sf{NO_{2}}$).
3. Oxide of Sulphur : – These include sulphur dioxideoxide ($\sf{SO_{2}}$) and sulphur trioxide ($\sf{SO_{3}}$).
4. Hydrocarbons (HCs) : – Methane, ethylene, are composed of hydrogen (H) and carbon (C).
5. Photochemical Oxidants : – These include peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN), Ozone ($\sf{O_{3}}$) and aldehydes.

$\textbf{ \underline{Particulate Pollutants : -}}$

Particulate pollutants are added to air by industries and automobiles and by operations such as blasting, drilling, crushing, grinding, mixing, etc. some particulate matter is added to the air by living organisms. it comprises pollen, spors, cysts and bacteria.

$\textbf{ \underline{Radioactive Pollutants : -}}$

The radioactive pollutants are released by nuclear explosions and water explosives. The radioactive pollutants are very harmful for health as they kill the living tissues.

$\textbf{ \underline{Largest Source of Air Pollution : -}}$

Automobiles are the largest source of air pollution in cities. the major pollutants from them are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbons, sulphur oxides and lead.